Perancangan Sistem Smart Home Berbasis Iot Menggunakan Komunikasi LoRa Dan Algoritma Fuzzy Logic

Abstract

The development of smart home systems has increased due to the Internet of Things' (IoT) rapid growth. However, most existing solutions rely on Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, which have limited communication ranges and relatively high power consumption. In addition, automation is often restricted to simple threshold-based ON/OFF control. This study proposes a smart home system that integrates LoRa (Long Range) communication with a Mamdani Fuzzy Logic algorithm to provide reliable long-range communication and adaptive control. The system adopts a hybrid communication architecture consisting of an online mode using Wi-Fi connected to the Adafruit IO Cloud platform and an offline mode using LoRa for local communication through a gateway. Two ESP32 microcontrollers are employed: a transmitter node equipped with DHT22 temperature and humidity, MQ-2 gas, and ZMPT101B voltage sensors, and a receiver node acting as a gateway with relay-controlled lighting and exhaust fan actuators. The Fuzzy Logic controller uses temperature and humidity as input variables and generates a PWM duty cycle output to regulate fan speed through nine IF–THEN rules. According to experimental findings, LoRa communication was able to achieve transmission delays of 2.20–8.00 seconds between 0 and 100 meters; however, at 110 meters, the delay increased to 22.50 seconds, indicating the effective communication limit. The Fuzzy Logic algorithm achieved 100% rule-base compliance in all test scenarios. A Node-RED dashboard successfully displayed sensor data in real time. The proposed system provides a reliable, energy-efficient, and adaptive smart home solution that outperforms conventional Wi-Fi-based approaches

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